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INTRODUCTION The Switching characteristics of the semiconductor devices have been, Basically, there are two types of semiconductor devices; bipolar and unipolar. Based on these devices, the digital integrated circuit has been made which are commercially available. The various digital function is being fabricated in a variety of forms using bipolar and unipolar technologies. A group of compatible ICs with the same logic levels and supply voltage for performing various logic function have been fabricated using a specific circuit configuration which is referred to as a logic family BIPOLAR LOGIC FAMILIES The main elements of a bipolar IC are resistors, diodes (which are also capacitors ) and transistors.B basically, there are two types of operation in bipolar ICs 1. Saturated and  2 Non-saturated   In saturated logic, the transistors in the IC are driven to saturation, whereas in the case of non-saturated l...

Power electronics  is the application of  solid-state electronics  to the control and conversion of electric power. The first high power electronic devices were  mercury-arc valves . In modern systems the conversion is performed with  semiconductor switching devices such as  diodes ,  thyristors and  transistors , pioneered by  R. D. Middlebrook  and others beginning in the 1950s. In contrast to electronic systems concerned with transmission and processing of signals and data, in power electronics substantial amounts of electrical energy are processed. An AC/DC converter ( rectifier ) is the most typical power electronics device found in many consumer electronic devices, e.g.  television  sets, personal  computers ,  battery chargers , etc. The power range is typically from tens of  watts  to several hundred watts. In  industry  a common application is the  variable speed drive (V...

POWER  FACTOR #CAUSES OF LOW POWER FACTOR  Induction Motor is the most commonly used A.C. motor.it is used for a variety of variety of purposes at full load a 3-phase induction motor operates at a power factor of around 0.8 lagging. At part loads, the power factor is still poorer. the power factor is still poorer. the power factor of single-phase induction motors is about 0.6 lagging  Causes of low Power Factor . The main  cause of low Power factor  is Inductive Load. As in pure inductive circuit, Current lags 90° from Voltage, this large difference of phase angle between current and voltage causes  zero  power factor . The transformer drow a magnetizing current from the system .this current is at a power factor of zero lagging. Miscellaneous equipment like are lamps, welding equipment etc. also contribute to low power factor in the system  # EFFECT OF LOW POWER FACTOR To meet the load requirement at a low p...

HoW To SharP YoU MemorY Memory loss problem is common of the whole life.it are every person Face this  problem.but don't ever I am best solution of ways method to increase you memory Stay Active. Keeping a strong mind means keeping the body active as well. ... Don't Overdo Alcohol. You're born with a finite number of brain cells, so it's a good idea not to kill them off with excessive amounts of alcohol. ... Visualize. ... Use Associations. ... Believe You Can Do It. ... Use Mnemonics. ... Use Rehearsal. ... Break it up What foods are best to eat for a sharp memory? 15 Best Foods For The Brain Avocados. This fruit is one of the healthiest ones you can consume and one of my all-time favorites. ... Beets. ... Blueberries. ... Bone Broth. ... Broccoli. ... Celery. ... Coconut Oil. ... Dark Chocolate. How can I keep my memory sharp? Here are seven you m...

                Solar Power Energy Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun that is harnessed using a range of ever-evolving technologies such as solar heating, photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, solar architecture, molten salt power plants and artificial photosynthesis. Solar power  is clean green electricity that is either created from sunlight or from heat from the sun. Having solar electricity in your home usually means setting up a solar photovoltaic system on your roof. Discover more in our  solar energy education  sections ahead. Definition of photovoltaic :  Photo  = “light” and  photons  = energy particles coming from sunlight; v oltaic  = producing a voltage or volts.  Abbreviation = PV Solar system could go haywire before the Sun dies. How will life on Earth end? The answer, of course, is unknown, but two new studies suggest a collision with Mercury or Mars could do...

Working of Power Station A power station, also referred to as a power plant or powerhouse and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power We divide the power system into three parts; power generation , transmission and distribution. In this article, we will discuss power generation . Actually, in power generation, one form of energy gets converted into electrical energy. We produce electrical energy from various natural sources. We classify these sources into two types renewable sources and non-renewable sources. In present power system, most of the electrical energy gets generated from non-renewable sources like coal, oil and natural gases. But these sources are limitedly available. So, we have to use these sources carefully and always to find an alternate source or move on renewable sources. The renewable sources include the solar, wind, water, tidal and biomass. These sources are the environment-friendly, fr...